敏感专业留学申请：美国常见敏感专业有哪些

小编今天整理了一些敏感专业留学申请：美国常见敏感专业有哪些相关内容，希望能够帮到大家。

本文目录一览：

• 1、美国签证办理敏感专业介绍
• 2、敏感专业留学申请：美国常见敏感专业有哪些
• 3、申请美国留学签证有哪些敏感专业

美国签证办理敏感专业介绍

我为大家介绍美国签证办理敏感专业介绍，希望对出国留学的同学有所帮助。想了解更多留学精彩内容，为你详细解答。 　　办理美国签证的时候，针对有些敏感专业会遭到拒签的情况，那么所谓的敏感专业是指哪些专业呢?下面我就给大家整理一下美国签证拒签容易发生的14个敏感专业。如果自己的专业或研究方向和这些相关，尽量淡化,或者想好说明和做好被check的心理准备了.

1. CONVENTIONAL MUNITIONS:

Technologies associated with warhead and other large caliber projectiles, reactive armor and

warhead defeat systems, fusing, and arming systems.

2. NUCLEAR TECHNOLOGY:

This section covers technologies associated with the production and use of nuclear material for both peaceful and military applications. Included are technologies for enrichment of fissile material, for reprocessing irradiated nuclear fuel to recover produced platinum, production of heavy water for moderator material, plutonium and tritium handling, as well as certain associated technologies related to high energy physics. It includes research and poser reactors, breeder and production reactors, fissile or special nuclear materials; uranium enrichment, including gaseous diffusion, centrifuge, aerodynamics, chemical, electromagnetic isotopic separation (EMIS) laser, isotopic separation (LIS); spent fuel reprocessing, plutonium, mixed oxide nuclear research, inertial confinement fusion (ICF), magnetic confinement fusion, plasma, nuclear fuel fabrication including mixed oxide (uranium-plutonium) fuels (MOX), heavy water production, tritium production and sue, electromagnetic pulse (EMP); hardening technology.

3. MISSILE/MISSILE TECHNOLOGY:

Technologies associated with air vehicles and missile systems. The technology needed to develop a satellite launch vehicle is virtually identical to that needed to build a ballistic missile. Technologies include rocket systems, ballistic missiles, space launch vehicles and sounding rockets and unmanned air equipment and reentry vehicles.

4. AIRCRAFT AND MISSILE PROPULSION AND VEHICULAR SYSTEMS:

The propulsion technologies included are associated with near-earth super and hypersonic flight propulsion systems for

aircraft and missiles. Many of these technologies are dual use. Technologies include liquid and solid rocket propulsion systems; missile propulsion and systems integration; individual rocket states or staging/separation mechanism; aerospace thermal and high-performance structures; propulsion systems test facilities.

5. NAVIGATION AND GUIDANCE CONTROL:

These capabilities directly determine the delivery accuracy and lethality of both unguided and guided weapons. The long-term costs to design, build and apply these technologies have been a limiting proliferation factor. Technologies include those associated with internal navigation systems, tracking and terminal homing devices; accelerometers, vehicle and flight control systems.

6. CHEMICAL AND BIOTECHNOLOGY ENGINEERING:

Of specific concern is the ability to develop, produce, and disseminate toxic chemicals, biological and toxin agents. The technologies that could be applied to produce chemical and biological agents are used widely by civilian research laboratories and industry; these technologies are relatively common in many countries. Advanced biotechnology has the potential to support biological weapons research. Look for technologies associated with bacteriology (especially pathogenic), mutagens, mycology, neurotoxins, reconbiant technology, toxins, venoms, virology, precursor chemicals, toxicological research, chemical production equipment.

7. REMOTE IMAGING AND RECONNAISSANCE:

Remote sensing technologies are inherently dual-use; technologies can be used for civilian imagery projects or for military reconnaissance efforts. Drones and remotely piloted vehicles enhance reconnaissance abilities. These are technologies associated with remote sensing satellites; imagery systems; high resolution cameras and optics; air vehicles; remotely-piloted vehicles, drones.

8. ADVANCED COMPUTER/MICROELECTRONIC TECHNOLOGY:

Advance computers and software play a useful (but not necessarily critical) role in the development and deployment of missiles and missile systems, and in the development and production of nuclear weapons. Advance computer capabilities are also used in over-the- horizon targeting, airborne early warning targeting, electronic countermeasures (ECM) processors. These technologies are associated with supercomputing, hybrid computing; speech processing/recognition systems; neural networks; data fusion; quantum wells, resonant tunneling; superconductivity; advance optoeletronics, acoustic wave devices, superconducting electron devices, flash discharge type x-ray systems; frequency synthesizers; microcomputer compensated crystal oscillators.

9. MATERIALS TECHNOLOGY:

The metallic, ceramic, and composite materials are primarily related to structural functions in aircraft, spacecraft, missiles, undersea vehicles, and propulsion devices. Polymers provide seals and sealants for containment of identified fluids and lubricants for various vehicles and devices. Selected specialty materials provide critical capabilities that exploit electromagnetic absorption, magnetic, or superconductivity characteristics.. These technologies are associated with advance metals and alloys; non-composite ceramic materials, ceramic, cermet, organic and carbon materials; polymeric materials; synthetic fluids; hot isostatic densifications; intermetallic; organometals; liquid and solid lubricant; magnetic metals and superconductive conductors.

10. INFORMATION SECURITY:

Technologies associated with cryptography and cryptographic systems to ensure secrecy for communications, video, data and related software.

11. LASERS AND DIRECTED ENERGY SYSTEMS TECHNOLOGY:

Lasers have critical military applications, including incorporation in guided ordnance such as laser guided bombs and ranging devices. Directed energy technologies are used to generate electromagnetic radiation or particle beams and to project that energy on a specific target. Kinetic energy technologies are those used to impart a high velocity to a mass and direct it to a target. Directed energy and kinetic energy technologies have potential utility in countering missiles and other applications. Look for technologies associated with atomic vapor laser isotope separation (AVLIS), molecular laser isotope separation (MLIS); high energy lasers (HEL), low energy lasers (LEL), semiconductor lasers, free electron lasers , directed energy (DE), kinetic energy (KE) systems, particle beam, beam rider, electromagnetic guns, optoelectronics, optical tracking, high energy density, high-speed pulse generation, pulsed power, hypersonic/hypervelocity, magnetohydronynamics.

12. SENSORS AND SENSOR TECHNOLOGY:

Sensors provide real-time information and data; the side with superior sensors has a considerable advantage. Marina acoustics is critical in anti- submarine warfare; gravity meters are essential for missile launch calibration. Look for technologies associated with marine acoustics, optical sensors, night-visions devices, image intensification devices; gravity meters; high speed photographic equipment; magnetometers.

13. MARINE TECHNOLOGY:

Marine technologies are often associated with submarines and other deep submersible vessels; propulsion systems designed for undersea use and navigation and quieting systems are associated with reducing detectability and enhancing operations survivability. Look for technologies connected with submarines and submersibles, undersea robots, marine propulsion systems; signature recognition; acoustic and non-acoustic detection; acoustic, ware, radar and magnetic signature reduction, magnetohydrodynamics; stirring engines.

14. ROBOTICS:

Technologies associated with artificial intelligence, automation, computer-controlled machine tools; pattern recognition technologies.

本文针对美国签证拒签容易发生的14个敏感专业进行了介绍，需要办理美国签证的同学，可以通过本文了解这些专业，看看自己的专业是否包括在内，提前做好准备，预防拒签的悲剧发生。

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敏感专业留学申请：美国常见敏感专业有哪些

美国常见敏感专业请参考以下：
信息系统安全专业
该专业与加/密信息系统方面的知识相关，主要是以确保通信、数据、影像，及有关软件的安全。这恰巧对整个国家的安全来说至关重要，所以当地不太愿意将该先进知识传授给他国学生，以免技术被利用。
高级微电子技术专业
推进电脑端与软件在军事导弹系统中的研制力度及部署措施，有利于发展核武器。其技术包含了：空中定位系统与电子抗干扰器等。
远程拍摄/侦查专业
话说遥感科技的确属于冷门专业，但却列为高科技领域范畴。我们大多所知的遥感科技都是给予民用，但有些也可被军事用来完成侦查目的。
材料科技专业
这个专业所涉及的“材料”并非我们普通人使用的那种，而是用于造飞机、航空器及潜水设备的复合型先进材料。这类特殊材料均以用来开发电磁与超导等高科技能力，所以在面签时，签证官会格外保护这类被他们国家列为“重点保护”的专业。
导弹专业
但凡是与飞行器或是导弹系统相关联的专业都会被美国设置为“重点保护”专业，所以就算你申请了，到头来一样会被拒。拿卫星运载火箭这门高科技来讲好了，这其中的技术就包括弹道导弹、太空火箭、飞行器的载入，以及无驾高空设备等。
化学生物工程
这个受到了我国绝大多数理科生的向往和青睐，待完成学业后能够从事高能制药工作，所以该专业听起来很一般，实则也是美国的敏感专业之一，最叫人担心的就是技术被滥用制作危险化学品。
飞机和导弹的推进及运载专业
该专业的技术知识与飞机与导弹的近地面超速飞行相关，有很多类似技术都具有多重作用，包括液体/固体火箭的推进技术、航天耐热组织及推进设施等技术。诸如此类的科技全都属于国家保护的机密，即便是在我国，也难以被人接触到，更别说美国社会了。
希望回答对你有帮助，望采纳。

申请美国留学签证有哪些敏感专业

申请签证是美国留学的最后一关，也是难度相当大的一关。签证是否通过，决定你能否去美国留学。影响签证申请难度的一个重要方面就是你去美国留学的专业，有些敏感专业或者有移民倾向的专业很容易被拒签。如果申请的是这些专业，就要更认真更全面的准备签证材料以及签证问题，这样能增加签证通过的机率。今天，天道小编就给大家盘点那些不容易过签的美国留学敏感专业。

信息安全专业 Intelligence Security

与加密和解密系统相关的技术，以确保保密通信，视频，数据和相关软件的安全。数据安全对于一个国家来讲至关重要，所以美国也并不很愿意将自己的技术教育给其他国家的学生，以免自己的先进技术被他国利用!

远程拍摄和侦查专业

遥感技术算是冷门专业，属于高科技范畴!虽然我们知道的遥感技术多少民用，但是也是可以运用于某些侦查项目——例如无人驾驶飞机和遥控飞行器的侦查能力等等!甚至和卫星遥感技术业相关!该专业还会涉及到光学等其他学科的知识!

高级电脑/微电子技术专业

推进计算机和软件在导弹和导弹系统的开发和部署，并有利于核武器的研发和生产。其中技术包括：空中预警定位，电子对抗的处理器，微机补偿晶体振荡器等。

材料科技专业

我们所说的材料并不是服装或民用设备的材料科技专业!而是涉及到飞机、航天器和潜水艇的复合新材料!选定的特种材料具有可以开发电磁吸，磁和超导的特殊能
力。这些技术与先进的金属和合金，非复合陶瓷材料，陶瓷，金属陶瓷，有机碳材料，聚合材料等有关。所以签证官会将这类的高科技专业例如为重点保护的专业，
所以在面签的时候一定会遭受到再三的盘问!

化学与生物工程则是中国理科生最喜欢的专业之一!毕业之后可以从事高科技研究和制药行业!之所以这个备受追崇的专业也算在敏感专业，是因为这个专业可利用专业知识制造危险品。

导航和制导控制专业

这些能力直接决定了两个非制导和制导武器的发射精度和杀伤力。技术包括那些与内部导航系统相关的，跟踪和末端知道装置。飞行和车辆的控制系统。

导弹专业

与飞行器和导弹系统相关的技术都会被列为美国受保护的专业，所以即使是在申请的时候也会被收阻挡。卫星运载火箭的开发技术，其中包括弹道导弹、太空运载火箭、太空火箭、无人驾驶空中设备和载入飞行器。

飞机与导弹的推进系统和车载系统专业

与飞机和导弹的近地高超音速飞行相关的推进技术。许多这样的技术都是具有双重用途的，其中包括液体和固体火箭推进系统技术，独立火箭状态或分离机制，航天
耐热高性能结构和推进系统试验设施技术。这些高科技算是最高国家保护的机密，即使在在中国，一般人都不是那么容易接触到，更别说外国人了!同理我们也可以
理解为什么美国签证官为什么会斟酌你的签证申请了!

以上这些专业就是美国签证申请难度很大的一些敏感专业。如果你决定要去美国就读这些专业，一定要更认真更慎重的准备签证。

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